1951 Fiat 750 derivata MM Gran Turismo

The small "Topolino" is one of the world’s best known cars. Created in the 1930s, it was a car designed to be minimal and economical, but it seems that everyone wanted to use it to race. The origins of the car are interesting; in 1930 Benito Mussolini spoke with Giovanni Agnelli about the imperative need to produce a low-cost car for the masses; it would be good "propaganda", followed by Adolf Hitler's Germany, where Ferdinand Porsche was called to put Volkswagen, "people's car", into production. The car was to cost less than Lit. 5,000: a difficult task. The FIAT chief designer, Antonio Fessia, entrusted the task to a young Dante Giacosa, who took over the previous Balilla project by simplifying every detail; the body lines were inspired by the FIAT 1500 with a tapered hood. Giacosa's aeronautical experience inspired the lightened two-rail chassis, with the engine (569 cc, 4 cylinders, side valve) mounted cantilevered to improve space. Everyone called the car "Topolino", for its size and muzzle similar to a mouse, or more precisely to Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse. In any case, the official name remained FIAT 500. The final price of Lit. 8,900 was higher than the target and very high for an ordinary worker, but the car sold. In 1938 the quarter elliptical rear leaf springs (the so-called " balestrino" or " balestra corta") became normal semi-elliptical leaf springs to improve load capacity. In 1948 the vehicle saw major changes with the "500 B" model, featuring overhead valves, improvements to the chassis and new heating. A new version became available, the "Giardiniera Belvedere", a small "woody" station wagon. In 1949 there was the final change, with the "500 C" model. The front part of the bodywork took on a more modern style, the engine received an aluminum cylinder head. The "Giardiniera Belvedere" became "metallic". The Topolino was often modified, little or radically, for races. Production of the sedan lasted until 1954, replaced by the FIAT 600, while the Giardiniera was produced until 1955. Nearly 520,000 cars were produced.

The Topolino was often modified, from mildly to radically, for the races. Workshop, body shops, small factories and artisans built their ultimate version. Some just cut the roof, someone else built barchetta roadsters on tubular chassis, while the engine grew up to the 750-cc category limit to the most possible power. At the Mille Miglia, for example, 95% of the 750 cc Sport cars were registered as Fiat, although the Turin-based company never built roadsters, barchette or racing coupés. In 1947, as a gift for his graduation at Bocconi University of Milan, Elio Zagato, Ugo's first-born son, received an open-top sports car based on a Fiat 500 B chassis. This car represented the beginning of his career as a gentleman driver and as a manager of the family company. The birth of the Gran Turismo category, conceived in 1949 by Count Giovanni Lurani, journalist Giovanni Canestrini and Elio himself changed the world of automotive competition: the category comprised cars with sports coachwork and a production chassis. To take part in that competitions there should be 30 examples built. Most important cars’ chassis wore Zagato GT bodies: the Zagato business boomed. Taking the chassis of the Fiat 500 C as a starting point, Ugo and Elio Zagato built the Fiat 750 Zagato, one of the most successful creations in the International Gran Turismo category. With a series of well-applied modifications, the Milanese coachbuilders were able to obtain surprising performance from their car and above all to convince enthusiasts of the 750's qualities; both with a string of notable victories and proving their car's endurance. The 750 Zagatos, in their first (1951) racing season, imposed themselves on very fast circuits, such as Monza, as well as on alpine roads of the Coppa delle Dolomiti. And to complete the statements: the Mille Miglia, the Milano Sanremo, the Coppa della Toscana and the Circuito di Caracalla. Among the drivers who achieved excellent performances with the small GT, we find well-known names of the time, such as Elio Zagato, Franco Martinengo, Alessandro Zafferri. If the line of the 750 GT is not as daring as in the "Panoramica", it differs little from it and is clearly Zagato to the core and ends in a kaon-tail. Not even an edge in the whole shape, if not the two Z of the Zagato name. As for the mechanics, on the Fiat chassis, the Topolino engine was profoundly revised. The block is in cast iron and the cylinder head in light alloy. The compression ratio is 7.5 and the power is around 28 hp at 4900 rpm. Claimed rpm and horsepower were "conservative" because the engine revved very high.

The history of the Fiat 750 derivata MM Gran Turismo by Zagato, chassis no. 500C*275882* begins in June 1951 as a "simple" Fiat 500 C. The certificate of origin, along with the chassis and engine numbers listed on the registration documents, classify it as a Fiat 500 C two-door saloon with "Trasformabile" bodywork, meaning it had a fabric sunroof. The first owner was Mario Pettigioni of Milan, and it remains to be determined whether the car was immediately converted into a 750 derivata MM Gran Turismo by Zagato, or if the transformation took place only in April 1952, when an updated engine number was officially entered in the documentation. It is therefore possible that the car raced as a Fiat 500 C in 1951 with racing driver Roberto Lippi, or, more likely, that it was immediately converted to compete in the Gran Turismo class up to 750 cc, and only later, at the time of transfer to Lippi himself, regularized in the official documentation. This version of events is supported by the fact that the car achieved excellent results in its class in the races it entered during 1951—results that would be far more easily obtained by a well-prepared GT car than by a “standard” though competitive Topolino. From April 1952, ownership passed to Lippi and the engine number was updated with new, ex-officio, issued number. The documents continued to list a fiscal power of 8 hp, suggesting that the displacement had not yet reached the category limit, but was instead a more conservative 700 cc. It was only in June that the original Milan plate was changed to a Genoa registration. With Lippi at the wheel, the car entered the XIX Mille Miglia in May 1952 with high hopes but was forced to retire. Nonetheless, Lippi, who will later be known for his participation in F1 and as a CSAI instructor, achieved a series of class successes: at the Coppa della Perugina, Coppa della Consuma, and Coppa Intereuropa in Monza, he qualified with excellent second-in-class finishes. At the end of the season, the car received a new livery. Among other changes—such as the removal of the bumper guards and the auxiliary light previously embedded in the grille—the most distinctive was the two-tone 'Z'-shaped paint scheme, a hallmark often seen on Zagato-bodied race cars. The car also had strong results in 1953, including class wins at the first Coppa Lerici, the Coppa della Perugina, and the Bologna–Passo della Raticosa hillclimb, along with other good placings. In August 1954, the car changed hands to Roberto Cecchini; the registration became Rome, and the engine number was definitively updated. At this point, the fiscal power increased to 10 hp, corresponding to the final 730 cc displacement. From that moment on, however, there are no further reports of race participation, though the car continued to change ownership. From 1956, the car was registered in Varese, and this plate was eventually cancelled administratively in 1982. The car has been included in several specialist publications, and in 1998 it underwent a complete restoration. It was re-registered in Italy, and in 2003 it was awarded the ASI certificate and the FIVA passport. Several other publications and collectors followed, up to the car’s current private collection.